Tool for predicting capacity demands on an electronic system

ABSTRACT

Method of predicting capacity demands on a desired device used to support services for a number of subscribers within a market area having a number of devices. The method includes predicting the capacity demands as a function of historical capacity demands for the desired device and average subscriber capacity demands on the number of devices in the market area.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to tools and other automated featureshaving capabilities for predicting capacity demands on an electronicsystem.

2. Background Art

The ability to predict capacity demands on an electronic system may beimportant to insure adequate resources are available for supportingfuture customer demands. In cable systems for example, a cable systemoperator may be required to support a plurality of services for anynumber of customers. As the number of customers and the overall demandsof the system increases, more and more resources may be required to meetservice requirements.

One problem faced by the cable system operators relates to accuratelypredicting future demands on the system. Inaccurate predictions can leadto over estimations and result in unnecessary hardware costs or underestimations and result in system inoperability and customerdissatisfaction. One issue in accurately predicting future demands onthe system relates to the cable system operator's ability to adjust thepredictions as a function of individual customer usage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention is pointed out with particularity in the appendedclaims. However, other features of the present invention will becomemore apparent and the present invention will be best understood byreferring to the following detailed description in conjunction with theaccompany drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a system in accordance with one non-limiting aspectof the present invention; and

FIG. 2 illustrates a capacity prediction chart in accordance with onenon-limiting aspect of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

FIG. 1 illustrates a system 10 in accordance with one non-limitingaspect of the present invention. The system 10 may relate to any numberof environments where signals are transmitted between a plurality ofelectronic devices 12-24. For exemplary purposes, the present inventionis described with respect to the system 10 being configured to supportsignal communications associated with cable operations. Of course, thepresent invention is not intended to be so limited and contemplates itsapplication in any number of environments.

With respect to the exemplary cable environment, one or more of thedevices 12-24 may include or be associated with a system (headend) orother feature of a cable service provider to facilitate signalcommunications between other devices. It may include a memory (notshown), user interface (not shown), and other features to control,program, and execute the operation thereof. The devices 12-24 mayinclude or be associated with any number of electronic devices whichreceive, communicate, or perform other signal manipulations.

For example, a portion of the devices 12-24 may include or be associatedwith signal transmission such as, but not limited to, routers, hubs,switches, gateways, conditional access routers (CARs), cable modemterminations systems (CMTSs), network provisioning units (NPUs), asession boarder controller, a media gateway, a media gateway controller,a signaling gateway, a call management server, a presence server, a SIProuting proxy, a SIP proxy/registrar server, a PCMM policy server, abandwidth on demand server, a streaming server caching proxy, a gamingserver, a CDN, a media acquisition server, a provider server, a unifiedmessaging server, a SIP feature server, a OSS/BSS, and a globaldirectory server.

The devices 12-24 may also include or be associated with customerpremise equipment configured to receive, output, and otherwisemanipulate cable related signals for use by one or more customers. Forexample, a portion of the devices may include or be associated withsettop boxes (STBs), modems, cable modems (CMs), computers, digital orpersonal video recorders (DVRs, PVRs), media terminal adapters (MTAs),and/or outlet digital adapters (ODAs).

A network 28 may include any number of features and options to supportsignal communications between the devices 12-24. The network 28 mayinclude terrestrial and extraterrestrial components and infrastructures.It may include cable lines, telephone lines, and/or satellite or otherwireless architectures. The network may be associated with other privateand/or public networks, such as the Internet and provider specificprivate networks. The network 28 is shown as a feature separate from thedevices 12-24, however, this is merely done for exemplarily purposes.One or more of the devices 12-24 may be configured to support or provideother features associated with the network 28.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 10 includes ananalysis tool 30 for analyzing system capabilities and capacities. Theanalysis tool 30 may be a standalone feature having memories,processors, communications features, and the like to facilitateanalyzing operation of one or more of the devices 12-24 in the system10. The analysis tool 30 may similarly be a logical application,software program, or other functional feature, which may optionally beembedded on a computer-readable medium or similar feature for executionby one or more of the devices.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis tool 30communicates with one or more of the devices 12-24 to analyze andmonitor the operations thereof. It may communicate according to anynumber of protocols and standards in order to analyze any number ofparameters associated with the devices 12-24, such as capacity of thedevices 12-24 to support electronic data services for a number ofcustomers, current and future customer demands, independent and sharedprocessing operations, data storage, and any number of other parametersassociated with the operation thereof.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the devices 12-24, tool 30,and network 28 are configured to operate according to or support theoperation of any number of protocols, applications, and procedures,including applications such as, but not limited to, linear andnon-linear television programming (cable, satellite, broadcast, etc.),Video on Demand (VOD), interactive television (iTV), interactive gaming,pay-per-view (PPV), and protocols such as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(HTTP), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), Syslog, SimpleNetwork Management Protocol (SNMP), Trivial File Transfer Protocol(TFTP), Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS), DomainName Server (DNS) applications, DOCSIS Settop Gateway (DSG), out-of-band(OOB) messaging, and others.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a capacity prediction chart 40generated and outputted by the analysis tool 30 as a function ofinformation collected from the devices 12-24 and other inputs providedby an operator. The chart 40 may be used by a system operator or otherindividual associated with monitoring operation of the system 10 and/orone or more devices within the system 10. The capacity prediction chart40 may include features, as described below in more detail, forcomparing system capabilities against predicted demands.

The capacity prediction chart 40 illustrates bandwidth demands andcapacity requirements of a particular electronic circuit within aparticular geographic area or market used to support networkcommunications in which a service provider provides high speed dataapplications. An electronic circuit may be a fiber optic line or aswitch coupled to a fiber optic line. A local/regional otherwiseorganized communications network may include a number of wireless orwireline electronic circuits within a particular geographical area tosupport data transmissions for a number of subscribers. The dataservices may be freely transferred between various circuits within thecommunications network.

The capacity prediction chart 40 may be used by the system operator topredict capacity demands on the particular circuit being analyzed and todetermine whether action is needed to continue quality service. In thismanner, the chart may be used to determine whether future demand islikely to outpace capacity, and if so, to facilitate augmenting thecircuit to support the predicted demand and/or to direct migration ofthe subscribers to other circuits in area.

The horizontal axis 42 of the chart relates to a particular interval oftime, which is shown to correspond with monthly calendar increments. Asshown, the horizontal axis includes an historical period associated withperiods before a base date 44 for which network data is available and apredicted portion associated with periods after the base date. For thepurposes of this example, the base date is selected to be November of2004. The base date may be selected as any date for which historicaldata is available. The historical period may be any period for which thehistorical data is available. In this example, the historical period isfive months, however, the period may be longer or shorter. Typically,the base date is selected to correspond with the date at the time ofperforming the analysis.

The vertical axis 46 of the chart is capacity for the circuit. Thevalues are based on capacity percentages determined as a function ofcircuit bandwidth thresholds. The chart 40 includes a first plottedelement referred to as circuit bandwidth trend, CBT. The CBT reflectsactual usage of the circuit during the historical period. The CBT isbased on data points of actual subscriber bandwidth use as a percentageof a predefined bandwidth of the circuit under analysis. For example inJuly, 2004, the subscriber bandwidth use was 44% and in August, 2004,the subscriber bandwidth use was 50%. These subscriber bandwidth usedata points are used to develop a linear plot based on the linearequation y=mx+b, where x is the slope of the line and b is they-intercept. In this example, the CBT plot is based on the linearequation y=0.05x+0.404.

The chart 40 also includes a second plotted element referred to asmarket bandwidth trend, MBT. The MBT reflects both actual (historical)bandwidth consumption, on a per subscriber basis, for a particularpredefined market associated with the circuit during the historicalperiod and forecasted bandwidth consumption, on a per subscriber basis,for the market. The analyzed circuit may be one of a number of circuitswithin the particular market such that the MBT reflects the averagebandwidth consumption of each subscriber within the particular market,i.e., the average subscriber capacity demand of multiple subscribersacross all the circuits in a given market. The historical MBT is basedon data points of all of the actual subscriber bandwidth use in themarket as a percentage of a predefined bandwidth of all of the circuitsin the market. For example in July, 2004, the subscriber bandwidth usefor the market was 44% and in August, 2004, the subscriber bandwidth usefor the market was 50%. These subscriber bandwidth use data points areused to develop a linear plot, as described above, for the MBT. In thisexample, the MBT plot is based on the linear equation y=0.0408x+0.450.The forecasted MBT is determined by extending the linear plot forwardfrom the base date. The MBT may be determined by the tool 30 as afunction of values inputted thereto or values collected from monitoringor other operations associated with the selected market area.

When the slope m_(CBT) of the CBT is positive and greater or negativebut still greater than the slope m_(MBT) of the MBT, it indicates thatthe circuit is unusually loaded. This can occur with circuits supportingcolleges or universities where usage tends to be higher than in the restof the market. This suggests that this circuit is a candidate foraction. When the slope m_(CBT) of the CBT is positive and less than ornegative and less than the slope m_(MBT) of the MBT, it indicates thatthe circuit is under utilized and a potential candidate for supportingsubscribers migrated from more active circuits, such as theaforementioned college or university circuits.

A circuit bandwidth capacity threshold, CBCT is selected and acorresponding line is included in the chart 40. The CBCT is a desiredcapacity threshold for the circuit at which point, when exceededindicates that the circuit will be operating at greater than optimumcapacity and less than optimum service and should be upgraded. In thisexample the circuit has a CBCT of 85%. The CBCT may be determinedaccording to any number of design and quality of servicecharacteristics.

The CBCT extends the entirety of the horizontal axis and is used topredict when the capacity demands on the circuit will exceed theselected threshold and warrant action to the circuit. As one skilled inthe art will appreciate, most actions, whether it includes migratingsome of the subscribers/bandwidth demands to other circuits, addingadditional infrastructures to support greater volumes of data, or someother action, requires some planning and foresight such that it can beadvantageous for system operators to plan in advance for the action.

To this end, the analysis tool 30 generates a circuit-based bandwidthcapacity forecast, CBF to predict bandwidth capacity demands for thecircuit as a function of average subscriber usage in the market area.The CBF is determined by the tool as a function of the CBT and MBT. Forexample, the CBF may be determined according to the following equation:M _(CBF)=(m _(CBT) +m _(MBT))/2where M_(CBF) is the slope of the CBF, m_(CBT) is the slope of the CBT,and m_(MBT) is the slope of the MBT.

The linear plot for the CBF is developed from the equation y=m_(p)x+b,wherein b is the vertical axis value at the end of the CBT linear plot.The linear plot for the CBF extends from the CBT. The CBF is a functionof both the CBT and MBT. This allows the CBF to take into considerationthe average subscriber usage for the market area. The use of the CBF isadvantageous because it allows the system operator to determine capacityrequirements as a function of average usage across the entire market,and not only the analyzed circuit.

This allows the system operator to take advantage of other systemcapacities in the market when determining action. For example, if theslope of the MBT is less than the slope of the CBT, the slope of the CBFwill be less than the slope of the CBT, and thereby, extend the date bywhich the CBCT will be reached. This analysis will suggest that the datefor action on the circuits can be put off by migrating subscribers fromthe circuit under analysis to other circuits in the market. On the otherhand, if the slope of MBT is greater than the slope of CBT, the analysiswill suggest that the circuit under analysis should be able to take somesubscribers from other circuits in the market that may be overburdened.This is done to take advantage of other bandwidth available in thesystem by simply migrating the subscribers to other available circuits,which can be done with minimal costs and interruptions and without theexpense of augmenting the circuit.

As shown in the example of FIG. 2, the CBF extends forward from the CBTonly for a three month period, but it may extend for a greater period oftime. The three month period is selected to limit introduction ofinaccuracies and/or to reflect the need to only plan three months inadvance for corrective action. In this particular example, the CBF doesnot reach the CBCT. As such, there is no indication that the circuitwill have to be changed (in the next three months). However, if the CBFis visually extended farther in time it will cross the CBCT at somepoint around March 2005. Accordingly, based on this information, thesystem operator may determine a need to plan for action sometime beforethreshold is reached.

Optionally, the tool 30 may be configured to automatically calculatewhen the predictive trend P will cross the CBCT and the time periodassociated therewith. This may be done by the tool 30 calculating incalendar days the period between the base date and the date the CBFcrosses the CBCT. The time period (not shown) may be noted on the chart40 or otherwise communicated to the system operator, such as through anautomatically generated email message or other alert.

A planned circuit upgrade bar 50 may be included to assist the systemoperator in determining the corrective action. The circuit upgrade bar50 may reference information associated with planned correctiveaction(s), circuit augmentation, subscriber migration, or othersimilarly planned events. The operator may review the planned event todetermine whether it is sufficient to meet current demand predictionsand/or to determine whether additional requirements may be added to itto support current predictions.

The tool 30 may be configured to automatically calculate a time periodbetween the base date 44 and the circuit upgrade date 50 and to comparethis time period against the time period calculated above with respectto the CBF surpassing the CBCT. The tool 30 may generate a message orother alert to inform the system of operator whether the planned circuitupgrade is scheduled to occur before or after the CBF reaches the CBCT,which the system operator may use to assist in determining theappropriate action.

The chart 40 also includes a third plotted element referred to assubscriber forecast, SF. The SF reflects both actual (historical)subscribers using the circuit under analysis and forecasted subscribersfor the circuit under analysis. The SF is based upon the number ofsubscribers using the particular circuit compared to a predeterminedlimit for the particular circuit also referred to as subscriber circuitcapacity (subs/circuit sub limit). The historical subscriber forecastportion is based on data points of all of the actual subscribers usingthe circuit. For example in July, 2004, the subscriber circuit capacityfor the particular circuit was 84.69% and in August, 2004, thesubscriber circuit capacity was 87.18%. These subscriber circuitcapacity data points are used to develop a linear plot, as describedabove, for the SF. In this example, the SF plot is based on the linearequation y=0.0179x+0.8455. The forecasted portion of the SF isdetermined by extending the linear plot forward from the base date. TheSF may be determined by the tool 30 as a function of values inputtedthereto or values collected from monitoring or other operationsassociated with the selected market area.

The analysis tool 30 generates a subscriber-based bandwidth capacityforecast, SBF to predict bandwidth capacity demands for the circuit as afunction of subscribers on the circuit and average subscriber usage inthe market area. The SBF is determined by the tool as a function of thesubscriber trend S and MBT. Similar to the CBF, the forecasted trend Fmay be used to adjust the subscriber trend S according to the market.The subscriber-based capacity forecast SBF may be determined by the tool30 as function of the subscriber trend S and market bandwidth trend MBTaccording to the following equation:m _(SBF)=(m _(SF) +m _(MBT))/2where m_(SBF) is the slope of the subscriber-based bandwidth capacityforecast, m_(SF) is the slope of the subscriber trend SF, and m_(MBT) isthe slope of the MBT.

The linear plot for the SBF is developed from the equation y=m_(SBF)x+b,wherein b vertical axis value at the end of the CBT linear plot. Thelinear plot for the SBF extends from the CBT. The SBF is a function ofboth the subscriber trend S and MBT This allows the SBF to take intoconsideration the average subscriber usage for the market area. The useof the SBF is advantageous because it allows the system operator todetermine capacity requirements as a function of average usage acrossthe entire market and not only the analyzed circuit.

This allows the chart 40 to provide a second means for predictingfurther circuit capacity needs. Like the predicted trend CBF, the SBF isaffected by the subscriber bandwidth usage in the entire market (MBT)and therefore if the slope of the MBT is less than the slope ofsubscriber trend SF, the analysis will suggest that the date for actionon the circuits can be put off by migrating subscribers to othercircuits in the market. On the other hand, if the slope of MBT isgreater than the slope of SF, the analysis will suggest that the circuitunder analysis should be able to take some subscribers from othercircuits in the market that may be overburdened.

In one embodiment, the tool 30 may be configured to determine whetherthe predicted trend CBF or SBF reaches the CBCT and which one reachesthe CBCT first and to output an alert message regarding the same. Thesystem operator may then determine a need for corrective action as afunction of either one of the predicted P and SBF. This can beadvantageous in that it allows the system operator to make decisions asa function of circuit utilization (CBF) and/or the number of futuresubscribers (SBF).

A corrective action bar 52 may included within the chart to reflect thedate by which corrective action is required. The corrective action bar52 is shown to correspond with the forecasted trend as the CBF has notbe extend to cross the threshold. The corrective action bar and upgradebar can be helpful in graphically illustrating whether the plannedcircuit upgrade will occur before predicted capacity requirementsoutpace the desired circuit capacity.

The foregoing example is provided for exemplary purposes and is notintended to limit the scope and contemplation of the present invention.In particular, the tool 30 may be configured to generate similar chartsand alert message for any number of parameters associated with anynumber of the devices in the system, such as for assess processingcapabilities, memory storage capabilities, and the like. Accordingly,the present invention provides a tool that may be used to automaticallycompare capacity versus predicted demand for any number of networkdevices and services.

As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosedherein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodimentsare merely exemplary of the invention that may be embodied in variousand alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale, somefeatures may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particularcomponents. Therefore, specific structural and functional detailsdisclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as arepresentative basis for the claims and/or as a representative basis forteaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the presentinvention.

While embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described,it is not intended that these embodiments illustrate and describe allpossible forms of the invention. Rather, the words used in thespecification are words of description rather than limitation, and it isunderstood that various changes may be made without departing from thespirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: determining, by an analysistool processing device, a slope of historical capacity demand on acircuit; determining a slope of average user capacity demand in a marketarea of the circuit; and predicting a capacity demand on the circuit asa function of the slope of the historical capacity demand on the circuitand the slope of the average user capacity demand in the market area ofthe circuit, wherein the predicting comprises averaging the slope of thehistorical capacity demand with the slope of the average user capacitydemand.
 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining adesired capacity threshold for the circuit and determining a capacityoverload point as a function of the desired capacity threshold and thepredicted capacity demand.
 3. The method of claim 2 further comprisingdetermining corrective action as a function of the capacity overloadpoint and the predicted capacity demand.
 4. The method of claim 2further comprising calculating a period of time until the overload pointis surpassed by the predicted capacity demand.
 5. The method of claim 1wherein the circuit is a network communications circuit.
 6. The methodof claim 1 wherein the circuit is a data processing device.
 7. Themethod of claim 1 wherein the circuit is a memory unit.
 8. One or morenon-transitory computer readable media storing computer readableinstructions that, when executed, configure a system to: determine, byan analysis tool processing device, a slope of historical capacitydemand on a circuit; determine a slope of average user capacity demandin a market area of the circuit; and predict a capacity demand on thecircuit as a function of the slope of the historical capacity demand onthe circuit and the slope of the average user capacity demand in themarket area of the circuit, wherein the predicting comprises averagingthe slope of the historical capacity demand with the slope of theaverage user capacity demand.
 9. The computer readable media of claim 8wherein the instructions further configure the system to determine adesired capacity threshold for the circuit and determine a capacityoverload point as a function of the desired capacity threshold and thepredicted capacity demand.
 10. The computer readable media of claim 9wherein the instructions further configure the system to determinecorrective action as a function of the capacity overload point and thepredicted capacity demand.
 11. The computer readable media of claim 8wherein the instructions further configure the system to calculate aperiod of time until the overload point is surpassed by the predictedcapacity demand.
 12. The computer readable media of claim 8 wherein thecircuit is a network communications circuit.
 13. The computer readablemedia of claim 8 wherein the circuit is a data processing device. 14.The computer readable media of claim 8 the circuit is a memory unit. 15.An apparatus, comprising: a processor; and memory storing computerreadable instructions that, when executed by the processor, configurethe apparatus to: determine a slope of historical capacity demand on acircuit; determine a slope of average user capacity demand in a marketarea of the circuit; and predict a capacity demand on the circuit as afunction of the slope of the historical capacity demand on the circuitand the slope of the average user capacity demand in the market area ofthe circuit, wherein the predicting comprises averaging the slope of thehistorical capacity demand with the slope of the average user capacitydemand.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the instructions furtherconfigure the apparatus to determine a desired capacity threshold forthe circuit and determine a capacity overload point as a function of thedesired capacity threshold and the predicted capacity demand.
 17. Theapparatus of claim 16 wherein the instructions further configure theapparatus to determine corrective action as a function of the capacityoverload point and the predicted capacity demand.
 18. The apparatus ofclaim 16 wherein the instructions further configure the apparatus tocalculate a period of time until the overload point is surpassed by thepredicted capacity demand.
 19. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein thecircuit is a network communications circuit.
 20. The apparatus of claim15 wherein the circuit is a data processing device.